A plain-language introduction.

They occur naturally in the body and play essential roles in many biological processes, including communication between cells.
Scientists can also design and manufacture peptides with specific sequences to support research and the development of new medicines.
Peptides can be broken down by digestive enzymes in the stomach and intestine, and absorption through the intestinal wall may be limited. For these reasons, some peptide medicines are delivered by injection so they can reach the bloodstream intact.
Not every peptide uses injection — delivery depends on the specific medicine and its properties.
Some peptides may not survive digestion or cross the intestinal barrier efficiently.
Injection can help protect peptides from breakdown and support more reliable delivery.